Pulverizer.



J. W. BLOCK.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION nun JAN.25,1908.

937,41 1 Patented Oct 19,1909

Fig. 2

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Jenn w. BLOCK, or coLIET, ILLINOIS.

PULVERIZER.

To all whom 'it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BLOCK, a citlzen of the United States,residing at Joliet, in the county of Will and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Pulverizer, of which the following isa-specification.

My invention relates to grinding mills and especially to the rotary typeof machines used for pulverizing or reducing "various substancesto ahighly comminuted or powdered condition, such apparatus beingelas'siparticles with the more highly comm'inuted portions. Theaccumulation of moisture'is another disadvantage commonly 'met with Inthe process under consideration.

The chief objects sought by the improvements which form the subjectmatter of this application are :to provide an apparatus for thepurposestated thatwill be simple in construction, eflicient in itsoperation and that will have an unusually rapid. effect upon thesubstances submitted to its action, resulting in their becomingthoroughly comminuted, blende? and aerated, the finished product being 0a high grade.

Stating certain objects more in detail, the

apparatus hereinafter disclosed is designed to produce a continuous feedof the material to be powdened'and mixed; to intermingle with thesubstance treated a stream of air having the double function of creatinga current by means of which the treated substances will be carried tothe operating mechanism and thereafter transferred beyond the operatingchamber, and also aerating the comminuted materials, thereby removingsurplus moisture, and preventing fermentive, and other chemical changesto which certain classes of substances are liable during the recess ofgrmdin I aecom-p ish the above an other minor objects by means oftheapparatus illustrated Specification of Letters Patent.

I l l l l the reference character a indicates a casing Patented Oct. 19,1909.

Application filed. January 25, .1908. Serial No. 412,609.

in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this application, and inwhich Figure l is a vertical section of the preferred form of myimproved pulverizer; Fig. 2. is a' top plan view of the machine with thedriving pulley removed, and'Figs. 3 and a are sectional views on thelines 22- and 3--3 respectively, of Fig. 1.

Referring to the details of the drawing,

f in the form of a truncated cone, and supplied witha cone-shaped coverI), fromthe center of which rises a dome having a side outlet 11.connected in any suitable manner, with an exhaust fan (not shown in. thedrawing). The casing a rests upon a bottom plate 0, and this in turn issupported upon a cylindrical base 0 supplied with air inlet ports 0 Fromthe under side of the bottom 0 projects a hollow extension communicating at one end with the interior of the casing 05, through acentrally located circular opening 0* and at its other end'with thechamber 0 Near its bottom the casing a has a hollow cylindricalextension (1 in which is journaled a screw conveyer 6, while above theextension is fixed a feed hopper g. Concentric with the said casing is avertical shaft j, extending entirely through the casing at both ends,its foot having a bearingin a step j supported in a hanger j suspendedfrom the extension f. Near its upper end the said shaft is journaled ina box or hearing 3' supported upon the dome b and upon its projectingextremity is keyed a driving pulley 3' Mounted upon the said shaft j,within the casing a, is a hollow cone or receptacle 2' having its sidesparallel With the said casing a, and separated therefrom by an annularspace a. This inside cone i is open above and has a bottom 6 furnishedwith radially extending channels 70, which communicate with theannularspace a. The outer surface of the receptacle or cone i is studdedwith a number of wings or beaters m, in the form of flattened vanes orblades secured by threaded stems m which pass through the wall of thereceptacle 5, and are firmly secured by nuts. This arrangement permitsthe blades m to be placed at various angles, which is of specialadvantage since it is desirable to vary the inclination of the blades ofthe beaters according to the character of the'substancesundergoingtreatment. With- 'are removable.

in the said inside cone or receptacle 5, is suspended a stationarycone-shaped hopper n, which is attached to the cover I) by hang- I crsn. The said hopper has a greater flare than the surrounding revolvingdrumand is open at both ends. The lower contracted end closely surroundsthe hub 2' of the cupshaped receptacle 2', but does not come in contacttherewith, a comparatively narrow annular space a being left between thesaid cone and hub, forming a communication between the cavities of thefixed hopper and movable receptacle. Upon the shaftj between the bottom71 of the inside cone and the bottom plate'c of the casing a, is mounteda collar p which supports a number of radial arms or hammers p, pivotedto swing or oscillate horizontally to a limited extent upon pins 9 whichextend through both collar p and the bottom 71 of the cone 6, and Thefree ends of the said arms are flattened vertically toform ham mer-headsp and extend to near the inner wall of ,the casing a, only sufficientspace being left between the hammers and the casthrough the ports 0 andfinds entrance into ing to give properclearance.

The method of operating the pulverizing apparatus hereinbeforedescribedis as follows :The pulley j having beenconnected with any availablesource-of power the up -right shaft j is rapidly rotated, causmg a swiftrevolution. of the drum carrylng the heaters m, and also the swinginghammers p. By means of a pneumatic exhaust fan, (previously mentionedbut not illustrated) attached to the outlet h of the cover dome b astrong current of air is maintained throughout the various communicatingpassages and cavities of the apparatus, taking a course as fol lows :Theair first enters the base '0 the casing a by the passage f and openinga,

i p where it encounters the swingingh'ammers p,

and ascending through the annular space a between the cone z and thecasing a, finally escapes through the outlet passage h in the dome b andis then led. to any desired locality. The material to be ground orpulverrized is fed into the hopper g,'and by the screw conveyer e isforced into the casing a where it meets with the current of air whichtends to carry said material upward. The

materialhowever, is usually fed in suchacondition that the particles andmasses are too'heavy to be materially affected by the air current, andmust first be reducedto the proper condition, so that the gravity of thesubstances may be sufliciently reduced to per- .mit of their flotation.This reduction is ac- I complished by. the action of the swiftlyrevolvlng; arms {0 and hammer-heads p which 'beat and-strike theheavier, particles until they are sufliciently comminuted to permit theaction of the, current to carry the pulver as a valve.

space a where the revolving beaters continue the disintegrating andblendin process, so that by the time the materia laden current hasreached the greater space directly beneath the cover, some of itwillhave become sufliciently light to be carried onward through the outletport with the escaping air but as the velocity of the current islessened in the more expanded space above the annular passage (1 theheavier particles will fall by gravity and being collected by the fixedchute or hopper n will pass through the annular space 11. and be carriedby the centrifugal force through the channels k meeting the ascendingcurrent to be again subjected to the action of the numerous beaters m.The heavier particles are thus being continuously driven'upward,subjected to the action of the heaters and allowed to fall and againbrought into contact. with the heaters until the entire mass hasbeenreduced to a sufliciently comminuted state to permit of its beingcarried away through the proper channels.

The action of the hammers is of special advantage, since their pivotalattachment to the upright shaft permits them to rebound somewhat whenmeetingwith unusual resistance, and as the substances to be pulverizedare frequently fed to the machinein comparatively large and hard piecesnot readily reduced by a single direct blow, this arrangement avoids thetendency to severe shocks which would be likely to break or otherwisedamage the mechanism. The current of air is prevented from finding anexit through the extension 03 by keeping the conveyer well filled withmaterial so as to act While the housing or casing as well as therevolvin cone or receptacle have 'been shown Q conical form this shapeis not essential to the proper working of the appa- :-ratus. It isobvious that other changes may be made in the devices of my inventionwithout departing from the-spirit and scope thereof, and I do not wish,therefore, to be limited'tothe precise construction set forth.

When the grinding material is of moderate density or the substancessupplied have received a preliminary crushing so as to render theparticles l1ghter,. the swinging hammers may be detached, the pivotsbeing made removable for that purpose and the heaters m alone dependedupon to produce the pulyerizing. The adjustability of the 'vanes or beawill permit the blades to be placed at an incline .to the horizontalplane, and as they are rapidly revolved they will create a strongcurrent .of air, thus supplementing the effect of the current-generatingdevice or exhauster and this result may besuflicient to accomplish thetransmlssion of lighter grades of materia1 through the casing providedwith an air inlet and outlet orts and means for introducing material toe pulverized into the saidcasing, said means arran ed at the bottom ofthe casing, of a rotata le drum mounted within the casing andhavingi'discharge conduits near its bottom, and eaters projectingradially from the drum.

2. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing provided with axialair inlet and outlet ports, feed means communicating with the lower partof said casing, a rotatable receptacle in the casing, said receptaclehaving discharge conduits near the bottom, beaters projecting radiallyfrom the receptacle,

and a hopper inclosed by said casing and spaced therefrom, said hopperadapted to discharge into said receptac e.

3. In a pulverizer, the combination with the casing, having air inletand outlet ports,

of a rotatable receptacle in the casing and having radial channels inits bottom, of a drum arranged within the casing, and com- -mu nicatingtherewith and with the receptacle, and beater-s projecting from the saidreceptacle.

' 4. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing having air inlet andoutlet ports, and

a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle rotatable in said casing,pivoted arms rotatable with said shaft and extending horizonand beatersfixed on said receptacle, sai receptacle having communication with thecasing at its top and bottom. I

5. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing having air inlet andoutlet ports, and a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle mountedupon the shaft in the casing, discharge conduits in the bottom of saidreceptacl communicating with the said casing, beaters extendinglaterally from the receptacle, arms carried by the shaft and arrangedbelow the receptacle, and a fixed hop er arranged partly within saidreceptac e and partly within said casing and having communication withboth casing .and receptacle.

6. In a pulverizer, the combination with a casing, having air inlet andoutlet ports, and a shaft concentric therewith, of a receptacle inghaving a central air' inlet port at its bottom, a central discharge portat its top,

material to be pulverized,pulverizing means comprising a rotatable drumhavingrigid beaters secured thereto, and other beaters swinginglymounted on said drum, and means for driving said drum.

8. In a pulverizing mill comprising a casing having a central air inletport at its bottom, a central discharge port at its top, and means forfeeding into the casing the material to be pulverized, pulverizing meanscomprisinga rotatable drum having rigid beaters ad ustably securedthereto, and other beaters swingingly mounted on said drum, and a hopperWithin said casing and communicating with said drum.

9. In a pulverizing mill, comprising a casing having suitable air inletand outlet openings, a rotatable drum open at the top and havingdischarge openings in its bottom, a chute fixed in said casing anddischarging into said drum at the bottom, heaters secured to said drum,and means for feedin material into the bottom of the casing an means forconveying the pulverized material from the top of sald casing.

10. In a pulverizer, a casing having inlet and outlet for air andmaterial to be pulverized, an inverted frusto-conical chute fixedlyarranged Within said casing with an annular space between the top of thechute JOHN W. BLOCK.

Witnesses: i

M. FOLEY, I JOSEPH BLOCK.

and a fixed hopper arranged andmeans for feeding into the. casing the r

